{"id":1167,"date":"2015-08-10T13:00:08","date_gmt":"2015-08-10T11:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/berndfischer.com\/?page_id=1167"},"modified":"2019-11-14T11:07:23","modified_gmt":"2019-11-14T10:07:23","slug":"stripping-of-doctor-titles-giesen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/berndfischer.com\/en\/commissioned-works\/commemorative-plaques\/stripping-of-doctor-titles-giesen\/","title":{"rendered":"Stripping of doctor titles, Gie\u00dfen"},"content":{"rendered":"

Stripping of doctor titles<\/h1>\n

\"\"The Memorial plaque for the stripping of doctor titles,
\nGustav Kr\u00fcger Auditorium of the Justus Liebig University of Giessen
\n2008<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

In the Nazi era Giessen University (Ludoviciana) revoked or denied 49 academics a doctoral degree for political or racist reasons. In 2006, Justus Liebig University publicly restored the degrees to these victims. In two cases Giessen University awarded doctor\u2019s degrees posthumously which were not awarded during the Nazi regime in spite of the successful completion of doctorate procedures. background research on the denial of doctoral degrees also revealed that during the Third Reich the university was not compelled to revoke the doctoral degrees. The protest by Professor of Protestant Theology, Gustav Kr\u00fcger, refers to alternative channels of action. Justus Liebig University saw in these findings the opportunity to publicly restore the doctoral degrees which were revoked for political or racist reasons and at the same time to draw attention to the responsibility and duty of the members of an academic institution as regards academic freedom. The assignment was described as such: To link the reinstatement with civil courage.<\/p>\n

\"Der<\/a>

Dr. Breitbach, Prof. Dr. phil. habil. Hormuth<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Der<\/a>

Dr. Breitbach, Dr. Felschow, Prof. Dr. Mukherjee<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Assignment<\/h3>\n

The assignment was to conceive, design and realize a plaque in which the above was concisely included and represented in an appropriate sense.<\/p>\n

Text<\/h3>\n

A doctorate is defined by academic
\nstanding and ethical responsibility.
\nSince the second half of the 19th century it has been
\nthe law to revoke the title from persons
\nagainst whom criminal proceedings have been instigated.
\nThe Nazi regime broke with this constitutional tradition
\nand revoked this academic title for racist
\nand political reasons.<\/p>\n

In 1967, the University Senate declared
\nthe stripping of doctor titles decreed
\nin Giessen during the Nazi
\ndictatorship to be null
\nand void from the start.
\nIn 2006, in two cases the university
\nposthumously reinstated the denied doctor title.<\/p>\n

The universities were not \u2013 as has been repeatedly
\nstated \u2013 merely objects caught up in
\nsomething ominous that was basically distant and alien to them.
\nRather, they were themselves an element of an unjust system
\nand made their own contribution to its efficiency and duration.<\/p>\n

In an address to the Senate of the University of Giessen on 14 June, 1933
\nart historian Professor Gustav Kr\u00fcger resigned from his seat on the Senate.
\nHe justified his decision with the ending of academic freedom by the
\nNazi regime: \u201cI leave this room in which for over 40 years
\nI have been involved in the independent government of our alma mater,
\nI leave it with the words profiteor, professor sum, profitebor\u201d. \u2013 he was dealt no punishment.<\/p>\n

Dr. Albert Aaron
\nDr. Erich Alexander
\nDr. Richard Aninger
\nDr. Max Baumgart
\nDr. Karl Becht (posthum)
\nDr. Fritz Bernius
\nDr. Gustav Birkmann
\n(posthum)
\nDr. Felix Cahn
\nDr. Karl Dahl
\nDr. Alfred Dang
\nDr. Hans Ebeling
\nDr. Ludwig Ehrmann
\nDr. Walter Eisen
\nDr. Theodor Engel
\nDr. Erich Escher
\nDr. Walter Fabian
\nDr. Heinrich Flachsbarth
\nDr. Rudolf Frank
\nDr. Eugen Goldberg
\nDr. Walter Gottschalk
\nDr. Walter von Hahn
\nDr. Heinrich Hanau
\nDr. Leo Hirschland
\nDr. Hermann Holzer<\/div>\n
Dr. Wilhelm Hopmann
\nDr. Ernst Israel
\nDr. Werner Joseph
\nProf. Dr. Ernst Paul Kahle
\nDr. Max Katten
\nDr. Moritz Katz
\nDr. Theodor Keller
\nDr. Siegfried Klein
\nDr. Hans Marcuse
\nDr. Ferdinand Meyer
\nDr. Ernst Morgenroth
\nDr. Walter Oppenheimer
\nDr. Joachim Prinz
\nDr. Friedrich Quack
\nDr. Felix R\u00f6ttgen
\nDr. Paul Rosenbaum
\nDr. Walter Schirren
\nDr. Johannes Schneider
\nDr. Joseph Straeter
\nDr. Hugo Strauss
\nDr. Frieda Vogel
\nDr. Franz Wasiak
\nDr. Julius Weinberg
\nDr. Gustav Wendel
\nDr. Walter Zabolitzky<\/div>\n

Concept and design of the memorial plaque: Bernd Fischer, www.fischerkuenstler.de
\nIllustration: Heinrich Wilhelm Kranz (first from right as rector, in the gown and chain of office, with representatives of the Nazi regime at a university celebration (1940), photo: Justus-Liebig University. Text sources used: Uni-Forum No.1\/16.02.200<\/p>\n

Design<\/h3>\n

Deciding on a transparent carrier material meant the content could be represented on various levels. In this way the complex request could be structured in an understandable way and designed with a differentiated interplay of the two focuses (reinstatement and civil courage).
\nThe glass composite creation consists of three panes. A visible and perceptible spatial depth is created in this way which finds parallels in the period of focus.<\/p>\n

Execution<\/h3>\n

Ceramic glass colors on white glass,\u00a0as laminated safety glass
\nFree-standing in front of wall
\nSize of plaque: H 60 cm\u00a0x W 142 cm x approx. D 2.5 cm<\/p>\n

\u00bb\u00a0Interview von Charlotte Br\u00fcckner-Ihl mit Bernd Fischer im Uniforum (pdf)<\/a>
\n\u00bb Auszug aus dem GUB-42-2009 (pdf)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Stripping of doctor titles The Memorial plaque for the stripping of doctor titles, Gustav Kr\u00fcger Auditorium of the Justus Liebig University of Giessen 2008   In the Nazi era Giessen …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1715,"parent":43,"menu_order":248,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-ohne-headline.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1167","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nStripping of doctor titles, Gie\u00dfen - Bernd Fischer EN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/berndfischer.com\/en\/commissioned-works\/commemorative-plaques\/stripping-of-doctor-titles-giesen\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Stripping of doctor titles, Gie\u00dfen - 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